酒精摄入是急性中风的危险因素

背景及目标饮酒与中风之间的关系尚不确定，特别是低中度饮酒。我们在一项大型国际研究中探讨了这些联系。

方法INTERSTROKE是一项病例对照研究，是国际上最大的急性中风危险因素研究。饮酒量自我报告，并按饮酒量/周分类为低(1-7)、中等(女性7-14，男性7-21)或高(女性>14，男性>21)。重度间歇性饮酒(HED)定义为每月至少1天饮酒5次。使用多变量条件逻辑回归来确定相关性。

结果我们纳入了12,913例病例和12,935例对照;25.0% (n = 6,449)是当前饮酒者，16.7% (n = 4,318)曾经饮酒者，58.3% (n = 15,076)从不饮酒者。目前的饮酒者多为年轻、男性、吸烟、活跃且从事高薪职业的人。当前饮酒与所有中风相关(OR 1.14;(95% CI 1.04-1.26)和脑出血(OR 1.50, 95% CI 1.21-1.84)，但没有缺血性中风(OR 1.06;95% ci 0.95-1.19)。HED模式与所有卒中相关(OR 1.39;95% CI 1.21-1.59)，缺血性卒中(OR 1.29;95% CI 1.10-1.51)和ICH (OR 1.76;95% ci 1.31-2.36)。 High level of alcohol intake was consistently associated with all stroke, ischemic stroke, and ICH. Moderate intake was associated with all stroke and ICH but not ischemic stroke. Low alcohol intake was not associated with stroke overall, but there were regional differences; low intake was associated with reduced odds of stroke in Western Europe/North America (OR 0.66; 95% CI 0.45–0.96) and increased odds in India (OR 2.18; 95% CI 1.42–3.36) (p-interaction 0.037). Wine consumption was associated with reduced odds of all stroke and ischemic stroke but not ICH. The magnitudes of association were greatest in those without hypertension and current smokers.

讨论高摄入量和中等摄入量与中风几率增加有关，而低摄入量与中风无关。然而，存在重要的区域差异，这可能与酒精消费者的人口特征、消费类型或模式的差异有关。